{"id":17064,"date":"2021-08-25T15:00:49","date_gmt":"2021-08-25T07:00:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/csopartnership.org\/2021\/08\/a-call-for-international-solidarity-to-support-the-afghan-peoples-quest-for-justice-peace-and-development\/"},"modified":"2021-08-25T15:41:53","modified_gmt":"2021-08-25T07:41:53","slug":"un-appel-a-la-solidarite-internationale-pour-soutenir-la-quete-de-justice-de-paix-et-de-developpement-du-peuple-afghan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/csopartnership.org\/fr\/cooperation-efficace-pour-le-developpement\/conflict-and-fragility-fr\/un-appel-a-la-solidarite-internationale-pour-soutenir-la-quete-de-justice-de-paix-et-de-developpement-du-peuple-afghan\/","title":{"rendered":"Un appel \u00e0 la solidarit\u00e9 internationale pour soutenir la qu\u00eate de justice, de paix et de d\u00e9veloppement du peuple afghan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 15 ao\u00fbt 2021, le monde a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de d\u00e9veloppements d\u00e9vastateurs dans la guerre civile en cours en Afghanistan. Les forces talibanes ont repris le si\u00e8ge du pouvoir en Afghanistan apr\u00e8s le retrait des forces am\u00e9ricaines, qui marque la “fin” de leur occupation de plusieurs d\u00e9cennies. En cons\u00e9quence, des milliers d’Afghans se sont empress\u00e9s de fuir le pays, tandis que d’autres ont cherch\u00e9 refuge dans les pays voisins comme le Pakistan et l’Iran. Les co\u00fbts indicibles seront r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 dans les d\u00e9cennies \u00e0 venir.<\/p>\n

Histoire de conflits et d’instabilit\u00e9<\/em><\/h3>\n

Les \u00c9tats-Unis et leurs alli\u00e9s occidentaux ont envahi le pays apr\u00e8s les attentats du 11 septembre 2001, sous le pr\u00e9texte d’une guerre contre le terrorisme et l’agression. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, les \u00c9tats-Unis ont install\u00e9 un gouvernement de transition et ont introduit leurs notions de “d\u00e9mocratie” dans une soci\u00e9t\u00e9 par ailleurs profond\u00e9ment conservatrice. Depuis lors, des millions de dollars d’aide publique au d\u00e9veloppement (APD) ont afflu\u00e9 dans le pays pour soutenir sa reconstruction et son \u00e9dification nationale. Cependant, une grande partie de cette APD a \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9e \u00e0 des fins militaristes par le gouvernement de transition et ses alli\u00e9s, au lieu de s’attaquer \u00e0 la pauvret\u00e9 et \u00e0 l’exclusion aggrav\u00e9es par la guerre en cours. \u00c0 eux seuls, les \u00c9tats-Unis auraient d\u00e9pens\u00e9 2 000 milliards de dollars en Afghanistan, principalement pour leur campagne militaire dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/p>\n

Aspirations \u00e0 un d\u00e9veloppement v\u00e9ritable<\/em><\/h3>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Aujourd’hui, l’Afghanistan se classe 169\u00e8me<\/sup> sur 189 pays et territoires selon l’indice de d\u00e9veloppement humain des Nations unies et est l’un des principaux producteurs d’opium au monde. Pr\u00e8s de la moiti\u00e9 de la population afghane vit sous le seuil de pauvret\u00e9 (Banque asiatique de d\u00e9veloppement, 2020), tandis que des entrepreneurs \u00e9trangers transportent le p\u00e9trole hors du pays, que des fonctionnaires empochent des fonds publics et que des chefs de guerre locaux pr\u00e9sident au commerce croissant de l’opium. \u00c0 ce stade, les co\u00fbts croissants du militarisme et de la guerre ont contraint les \u00c9tats-Unis \u00e0 conclure un accord de paix avec les talibans. Cependant, la mise en \u0153uvre d\u00e9sordonn\u00e9e de cet accord a mis en danger des millions d’Afghans, en particulier les femmes et les filles.<\/p>\n

L’exp\u00e9rience de l’Afghanistan montre qu’il est toujours insens\u00e9 de promouvoir un d\u00e9veloppement qui n’est pas ancr\u00e9 sur une paix juste et sur les droits et les aspirations de la population. L’absence de prise en compte des principes de la coop\u00e9ration efficace au d\u00e9veloppement, \u00e0 savoir l’appropriation d\u00e9mocratique fond\u00e9e sur la volont\u00e9 et les int\u00e9r\u00eats de la population, la transparence, l’obligation de rendre des comptes et le partage des\"\"<\/a> responsabilit\u00e9s, les partenariats inclusifs pour le d\u00e9veloppement et l’attention port\u00e9e sur les r\u00e9sultats, dans les efforts de d\u00e9veloppement d\u00e9ploy\u00e9s pendant l’occupation a conduit \u00e0 la situation actuelle.<\/p>\n

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<\/h3>\n

<\/h3>\n

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Appel \u00e0 la solidarit\u00e9 internationale centr\u00e9e sur l’approche fond\u00e9e sur les droits humains (AFDH)<\/em><\/h3>\n

Le peuple afghan a besoin de la solidarit\u00e9 internationale. La communaut\u00e9 internationale, y compris tous les acteurs du d\u00e9veloppement, doit mobiliser des ressources et mettre en place des m\u00e9canismes pour soutenir le peuple afghan qui souffre de cette crise humanitaire.<\/p>\n

Le POED accueille postivement l’appel<\/a> lanc\u00e9 par le Secr\u00e9taire g\u00e9n\u00e9ral des Nations Unies \u00e0 tous les \u00c9tats pour qu’ils n’abandonnent pas le peuple afghan et utilisent tous les moyens dans les limites des normes et standards internationaux en mati\u00e8re de droits humains pour mettre fin aux atrocit\u00e9s. Nous appelons l’ONU et tous les \u00c9tats \u00e0 garantir les droits de tous les citoyens afghans.<\/p>\n

Nous demandons aux \u00c9tats-Unis de rendre des comptes et nous exhortons les autres \u00c9tats, en particulier ceux qui ont pris part \u00e0 cette occupation, \u00e0 prendre des mesures r\u00e9paratrices au titre de leur responsabilit\u00e9 morale. Cela devrait inclure l’ouverture de leurs fronti\u00e8res aux personnes vuln\u00e9rables d’Afghanistan qui cherchent refuge. Concr\u00e8tement, nous recommandons des changements rapides dans les programmes d’immigration afin d’accueillir tous les r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s rendus vuln\u00e9rables par ce d\u00e9veloppement.\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nous appelons \u00e9galement les \u00c9tats \u00e0 fournir une aide humanitaire guid\u00e9e par les principes de solidarit\u00e9, de non-conditionnalit\u00e9 et de protection internationale, conform\u00e9ment aux cadres des droits humains. L\u2019aide doit \u00eatre orient\u00e9e vers les besoins de la population – et non vers des int\u00e9r\u00eats g\u00e9opolitiques – et r\u00e9pondre au lien entre l’aide humanitaire, la paix et le d\u00e9veloppement. Dans la m\u00eame veine, nous appelons \u00e0 l’augmentation du financement des organisations de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile afghane qui se concentrent sur la paix et les initiatives humanitaires, et \u00e0 l’arr\u00eat de l’aide militaire qui alimente la guerre dans les zones touch\u00e9es par le conflit.<\/p>\n

Le gouvernement dirig\u00e9 par les talibans doit respecter l’engagement qu’il a pris de faire respecter les obligations de l’Afghanistan d\u00e9coulant des trait\u00e9s internationaux relatifs aux droits humains et autoriser les Nations unies et les observateurs internationaux ind\u00e9pendants \u00e0 entrer dans le pays pour surveiller et promouvoir la protection des droits humains.<\/p>\n

Enfin, nous exprimons notre solidarit\u00e9 avec le peuple afghan qui aspire \u00e0 une paix juste et \u00e0 la d\u00e9mocratie, \u00e0 l’\u00e9galit\u00e9 des genres et \u00e0 l’autod\u00e9termination. Nous ne faisons qu’un avec les membres de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 civile afghane dans leur lutte pour la reconnaissance en tant qu’acteurs ind\u00e9pendants du d\u00e9veloppement, et pour le respect des droits humains. Nous nous joignons \u00e0 eux pour r\u00e9clamer un espace civique leur permettant de remplir leur r\u00f4le social et pour appeler \u00e0 la protection des civils, en particulier les femmes et les filles, les minorit\u00e9s ethniques et les journalistes, contre la violence et les autres atteintes aux droits.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

La promotion de la paix et de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 en Afghanistan est la responsabilit\u00e9 de toutes les parties prenantes. Avec le reste du monde, nous d\u00e9fendons la justice sociale et une v\u00e9ritable r\u00e9conciliation en Afghanistan. Nous pr\u00e9conisons la mise en place d’institutions gouvernementales qui panseront les plaies de leurs communaut\u00e9s d\u00e9chir\u00e9es par la guerre. Puissent les racines du conflit \u00eatre trait\u00e9es, et puissent-elles trouver une paix et un progr\u00e8s durables. #<\/p>\n

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 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le 15 ao\u00fbt 2021, le monde a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de d\u00e9veloppements d\u00e9vastateurs dans la guerre civile en cours en Afghanistan. Les forces talibanes ont repris le si\u00e8ge du pouvoir en Afghanistan apr\u00e8s le retrait des forces am\u00e9ricaines, qui marque la “fin” de leur occupation de plusieurs d\u00e9cennies. En cons\u00e9quence, des milliers d’Afghans se sont empress\u00e9s […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17078,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[444,1079,1080,1081],"tags":[1082,528,1083,1078,451,576,522,1098,479,889,632,454,1099,1085,1086,578,1097,574,1091,1100,1096,526,1094,449,1095],"class_list":["post-17064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-conflict-and-fragility-fr","category-mena-fr","category-statements-fr","category-triple-nexus-fr","tag-afghan-fr","tag-ced-fr","tag-conflict-fr-2","tag-conflict","tag-conflit","tag-conflit-et-fragilite","tag-cooperation-au-developpement","tag-crise-humanitaire","tag-developpement","tag-droits-des-femmes","tag-droits-humains","tag-guerre","tag-humanitaire","tag-humanitarian-fr","tag-humanitarian-crisis-fr","tag-migrants-fr","tag-paix","tag-refugies","tag-taliban-fr","tag-talibans","tag-terrorisme","tag-triple-nexus","tag-usa-fr","tag-war-fr","tag-waronterror-fr"],"yoast_head":"\nUn appel \u00e0 la solidarit\u00e9 internationale pour soutenir la qu\u00eate de justice, de paix et de d\u00e9veloppement du peuple afghan - CSO Partnership for Development Effectiveness<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/csopartnership.org\/fr\/cooperation-efficace-pour-le-developpement\/conflict-and-fragility-fr\/un-appel-a-la-solidarite-internationale-pour-soutenir-la-quete-de-justice-de-paix-et-de-developpement-du-peuple-afghan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un appel \u00e0 la solidarit\u00e9 internationale pour soutenir la qu\u00eate de justice, de paix et de d\u00e9veloppement du peuple afghan - CSO Partnership for Development Effectiveness\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le 15 ao\u00fbt 2021, le monde a \u00e9t\u00e9 t\u00e9moin de d\u00e9veloppements d\u00e9vastateurs dans la guerre civile en cours en Afghanistan. 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